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干旱扬黄灌区漫灌方式下土壤水盐运移模拟 被引量:2

Simulation of Soil Water and Salt Transport Under the Conditions of Flooding-Irrigation in Yellow River Pumping-Irrigation Arid Region
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摘要 干旱扬黄灌区田间灌溉过程的水盐运移具有独特性。选取甘肃景电灌区的典型试验点,构建基于HYDRUS-2D软件的土壤水盐运移模拟模型,模拟了间歇性定额灌水-蒸散发条件下饱和-非饱和土壤盐分的运移过程。结果表明,经过两次灌水-蒸散发循环试验,各试验点耕作层土壤平均含盐量均大幅下降,土壤盐分缓慢下移,耕作层土壤脱盐趋势明显。各试验点耕作层土壤在灌水压盐及蒸散发返盐双重作用下,交替发生了脱盐和积盐现象。灌溉和蒸散发是影响干旱扬黄灌区田间土壤水盐运移的重要因素。灌水定额取4 000-6 000 m^3/hm^2的土壤脱盐效率较高,且首轮灌溉使田间0-100 cm土层含水率达到饱和、后几轮灌溉逐步增加灌水量的灌溉方案更有利于排出田间土壤盐分。 The dynamic of water and soil movement is unique in the process of irrigation in the Yellow River pumping-irrigation arid area. Typical test points had been selected to build the water and salt movement model based on HYDRUS-2D in Jingtai electrical irrigation region in Gansu Province,which could simulate saturated and unsaturated soil salt transportation under the conditions of quantifying irrigation and evapotranspiration intermittently. The results show that the average soil salt contents of plough layer have decreased significantly in all experimental places after two cyclic tests of irrigation and evapotranspiration,the soil salt peak has slow down gradually and soil of plough layer has obvious desalination trend. The disalination and salt-accumulation have occurred alternately in depth of plough layer in all test points under the dual effect of irrigation and evapotranspiration. It is irrigation and evapotranspiration that are the significant influencing factors of soil water movement and salt transfer in arid irrigated district. Desalinization efficiency is relatively high when irrigation quota has gain of 4 000-6 000 m^3/hm^2 ,and the irrigation scheme that the first irrigation amount has been controlled in reaching saturated water content of 0-100 cm soil layer and subsequent irrigation amount has been increased gradually has made the field soil desalt more easily.
出处 《人民黄河》 CAS 北大核心 2015年第8期140-144,共5页 Yellow River
基金 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279064 31360204) 河南省教育厅科技创新人才支持计划项目(14HASTIT047) 河南省教育厅科技创新团队支持计划项目(14IRTSTHN028) 华北水利水电大学研究生教育创新计划资助项目(YK2014-04) 华北水利水电大学大学生创新创业项目(HSCX2004064)
关键词 漫灌 HYDRUS-2D模型 水盐运移 脱盐效果 干旱扬黄灌区 flooding irrigation HYDRUS-2D model water and salt transport desalting effect Yellow River pumping-irrigation arid region
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