玉兰与望春玉兰肉质外种皮化学成分的比较研究

Comparative study on sarcotesta chemical compositions between Magnolia denudata Desr. and Magnolia biondii Pamp.

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和GC-MS技术对玉兰与望春玉兰成熟种子肉质外种皮的化学成分进行了分析和比较。结果表明:1)就化学成分种类而言,玉兰与望春玉兰成分种类均以萜烯类和醇类为主,其中玉兰萜烯类有12种,醇类有11种;望春玉兰萜烯类有13种,醇类有13种。2)就相对含量而言,玉兰中萜烯类、醇类种类虽较多,相对含量却较低;而望春玉兰醇类和萜烯类种类最多,相对含量也最高。3)玉兰肉质外种皮共确定35种成分,其中含量较多的成分依次是甲基庚烯酮(31.95%)、乙酸丁酯(17.69%)、对伞花烃(13.64%)和芳樟醇(6.61%);望春玉兰肉质外种皮共确定37种成分,其中含量较多的成分依次为橙花叔醇(49.17%),α蒎烯(12.03%)、罗勒烯(7.86%)和金合欢烯(4.68%)。不同的芳香物质及含量组成,使玉兰和望春玉兰肉质外种皮的香味有所差异。

The chemical constituents released from fresh seeds of Magnolia denudate Desr. and Magnolia biondii Pamp. were ana-lyzed by steam distillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The results showed that the main types of chemical constituents of M. denudate Desr. and M. biondii Pamp. mature seed sarcotesta were terpenes and alcohols, including M. denudate Desr. sarcotesta of terpenes 12, alcohols 11;M.biondiiPamp. sarcotesta of terpenes 13 and alcohols 13. For relative content, terpene and alcohol in M. denudate Desr. were more, but their relative contents were lower;while the M. biondii Pamp. , alcohols and ter-penes were the most, while their relative contents were the highest. Thirty-five compounds were identified in M.denudateDesr. . The highest relative contents of the components were ketones （31. 95%） and esters （17. 69%）, p-cymene （13. 64%） and linalool （6. 61%）. Thirty-seven compounds were identified in M.biondiiPamp. The highest relative components were alcohols and terpenes. The ingre-dients were nerolidol （49. 17%）,α-pinene （12. 03%）, basilene （7. 86%） and farnesene （4. 68%）. Different aromatic substances and content of the M.denudateDesr. and M.biondiiPamp. seeds formed their own different aroma type.