新疆干旱区农户农地流转行为影响因素分析——基于结构方程模型和对玛纳斯县农户的调研实证

The Analysis of Influencing Factors about Farmers' Farmland Transfer Behavior in Arid Areas of Xinjiang:Based on Structural Equation Model and the Empirical Research of Farmers in Manas

在实证分析的基础上,构建农户农地流转行为影响因素的结构方程模型,旨在探讨对新疆干旱区农户农地流转行为产生影响的因素及其影响强度,并利用对新疆玛纳斯县369户农户调研的实证数据分析理论的科学性。研究结果表明:农户资源禀赋特征、劳动力转移特征、农户家庭经营特征、农地流转组织约束特征及农户家庭基本特征对农户农地流转行为产生了显著的正向影响。诠释上述五方面特征的可观测变量中,户主年龄、有无流转中介组织、农户类型、经营地块总数、经营土地质量状况、非农业劳动力年人均收入、对种植业经营风险认知程度、家庭外出务工劳动力人数、务工地点、户主受教育年限等对农户农地流转行为产生显著影响。得到研究结论:加强对农民的技能培训,实现劳动力的优化配置和合理转移;加大对农村基础设施尤其是水库等灌溉配套设施的投入力度;加强对种植业经营风险的防范及着力培育形式多样的农地流转中介服务组织等举措可以有效推进农地合理有序流转的进程。

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors which affect farmers＇ farmland transfer behavior in arid area of Xinjiang.The method is structural equation model（SEM）based on the empirical research.By using the empirical datas of 369 households in Manas county,Xinjiang,we verify the scientific nature of the theoretical model.The results show the characteristics of farmers＇ resource endowment;labor transfer;family management;farmland transfer organizational constraints and the remarkable positive influence of farmers＇ family feature to the farmland transfer.Interprets the observable variables of five characteristics above,we have found that the following aspects have significant impact to the farmland transfer：farmers＇ age;presence of transfer intermediary organizations;types of farmer household;the total number of operating plot;land quality;annual per capita income of the non-agricultural labor force;cognition about the risk of plantation management;the number of migrant workers in a family;work places;education years of the head of household.On the basis of empirical analysis,we proposed our conclusions：by strengthening the skill training for farmers;achieving the optimal allocation and transferring reasonable of labor force;increasing rural infrastructure especially reservoir irrigation infrastructure investment;enhancing the prevention of planting industry management risk and cultivating different kinds of intermediary service organization of farmland transfer and so on,we can effectively promote the process of farmland transfer.