摘要
Linguistics classifies question methods into certain types. There are kinds of question methods, such as alternative question method, yes-no question method, specific question method, direct question method, indirect question method, echo question method, tag question method, miracle question method and so on. And this paper will set the characteristic discourses of protagonists in the drama of Antigone by the ancient Greek tragedian Sophocles as a research example, so as to analyze the protagonist＇s pragmatics motivation in the conversation strategies when communicating with three people in different social identity, that is to say, this paper will analyze the way that the selected question and answer methods used by the protagonist to achieve the effect of being recognized as king identity but not as a tyrant in fact. According to the dramatic text, this paper tends to make a further research on the characters＇ self-identity construction ground on the discourse characteristic of the characters. And from the perspective of modem linguistic, it is the analysis of the motivation in question methods, and the advantage and disadvantage on the discourse right implied in answer methods, that contribute to the further research on how the social identity construction and the classic character image are successfully made.
语言学把提问方式分为许多不同种类，有选择疑问方式，是非疑问方式，间接疑问方式，直接疑问方式，反义疑问方式，特殊疑问方式等。通过分析古希腊悲剧作家索福克勒斯的戏剧《安提戈涅》，分析其主人公与三个不同身份人物对话时所表现出的不同会话策略背后的语用动机，发现主人公试图通过筛选性的提问方式和回答方式以获得他人对自己正在建构的新身份的认同效果。因此，以语言学为探究视角并以戏剧文本语料为研究基础，通过检索《安提戈涅》剧本，主人公的选择性提问方式和回答方式传达的是某种自我社会身份建构信息清晰的呈现出来。在言语交际中，主人公根据其交际对象社会身份的不同来定位他人身份信息，进而调整自我的身份建构。即，人物个体话语是具有动机性的。通过分析其中的话语权优劣势及人物自我身份建构中的影响他人和“被”他人影响的过程，将有助于探析人物自我身份建构的历程，并以全新视角诠释戏剧文学作品中经典人物形象如何被成功塑造。
