一种Gemini季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂的合成及性能测定

Synthesis and Performance of New Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt Cationic Surfactants

以N,N,N′,N′-四甲基乙二胺和硫酸二甲酯为原料合成了Gemini季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂。确定最佳工艺路线,研究了不同溶剂、原料配比、硫酸二甲酯的滴加温度对产物收率的影响。采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱证明了产物的结构,并测定了产物的临界胶束浓度CMC为1.92×10-3mol/L,γCMC为38.1m N/m。结果表明,所合成的Gemini季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂具有较高的表面活性。

The new Gemini quaternary cationic surfactants was synthesized with N, N, N′ , N′- tetramethyl ethylenediamine and dimethyl sulfate as raw material. The effect of selection of solvent, the ratio of the raw materials, dropping time of dimethyl sulfate on the yield of product were studied. Synthetic technological route was given. Structure of the aimed product was identified by IR and 1H NMR. The critical micelle concentration CMC and γCMCof the surfactants was determined. The CMC is 1.92 × 10^-3mol/1 and γCMC is 38.1mN/m respectively. The results of study shows that new Gemini quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant have excellent surface active properties.