先验想象力背景中人类理性的有限性——什么是“康德的形而上学疑难”

The Finitude of Human Reason with the Background of Transcendental Power of Imagination: What Is "Kant's Problem of Metaphysics"

海德格尔认为,《纯粹理性批判》通过对理论理性中的感性和知性以及它们的共同本源先验想象力的分析,揭示了人类理性面对先验想象力呈现出的有限性特征。康德力图在实践领域建立新的形而上学,而人类理性的有限性无论对作为经验科学基础的认识论先验哲学,还是实践领域内的新的形而上学都构成了挑战,这就是"康德的形而上学疑难"。海德格尔从这个疑难出发,揭示了认识论哲学的局限性,并阐释了认识论哲学向存在论现象学转向的必然性。

Heidegger believes that Critizlue of Pure Reason discloses human reason＇s characteristics of finitude in confrontation with transcendental power of imagination through the analysis of both sensibility, understanding in theoretical reason and their origin transcendental power of imagination. Kant tries to establish a new metaphysics in the field of practice; however, the finitude of reason poses a challenge, whether it is in the transcendental philosophy of epistemology as the basis of practical science or in the new metaphysics of practice. This is ＂Kant＇s problem of metaphysics＂. Starting from this problem, Heidegger discloses the limitation of epistemology and explains the necessity for epistemology to swing to existential phenomenology.