莫言小说中的魔幻及其复杂构成

The Magical Realism and Its Complex Constitution in the Fictions of MoYan

在莫言的小说创作中,魔幻现实主义成为最重要和引人注目的艺术风格,但是其小说中的"魔幻"已不再是传统的或者严格意义上的"魔幻现实主义",它在借鉴、模仿拉美魔幻现实主义的同时,亦包含着对魔幻现实主义创造、转化的艺术追求,以及在这一艺术追求中所形成的独特的带有莫言式风格的魔幻。具体而言,莫言小说中既有对魔幻现实主义的简单模仿和挪用,亦有借鉴和吸收之后对魔幻现实主义的自我更新和拓展,同时还存在着莫言在小说创作中所生成的带有自我色彩的魔幻,它们相互交织,彼此生成。魔幻现实主义对于莫言的意义不仅在于推动了其文学创作的蜕变,而且因魔幻的存在,其小说文本的现实功利性得到了大大消解,文本的主题和意蕴也因之而丰富和复调。

Magical realism is the most important artistic style in Mo Yan's fiction. The magic is not the traditional and strict sense of the magical realism,because when Mo Yan borrowed and imitated the magical realism,he not only created and transformed this artistic way,but also developed a unique style of magic which belongs to Mo Yan. Specifically,his novels not only had the simple imitation and misappropriation of magic realism,but also had the Self- renewal and expansion,and at the same time,there still had the magic with self color. They are intertwined and generated with each other. There are great significance of the magical realism to Mo Yan,on the one hand,it promoted his literary transformation,on the other hand,because of the presence of magic,not only the utilitarian reality of his novels have been greatly committed but also the theme and meaning has become rich and polyphonic.