活性氧在血小板活化和凋亡中的作用机制研究进展

Effect of ROS in Platelets Activation and Apoptosis

血小板在血栓与出血性疾病的发生中起重要作用。当血管内皮细胞受到损伤或在病理性血流高剪切力作用下,血小板通过膜表面的各种受体启动信号转导途径,引起血小板活化。活化的血小板相互聚集成团,形成血小板血栓,因此,血小板活化在生理性止血和病理性血栓形成过程中起关键作用。近年来,血小板凋亡逐渐引起研究者的关注。目前,血小板活化和凋亡的分子机制还未完全阐明。很多研究已证实,各种能诱导血小板活化或凋亡的刺激物,能诱导血小板产生活性氧(ROS),ROS在血小板活化和凋亡中的作用正逐渐引起研究者的关注。文章将主要综述ROS在血小板活化和凋亡中作用的最新研究进展。

Platelets play an important role in thrombosis and hemorrhagic disease. When the vascular endothelial cell is injured or under the high shear force of pathological blood flow, the platelets are activated through the signaling pathway, which is initiated by a variety of receptors on platelets＇ membrane surface. The activated platelets aggregate into platelet - monocyte aggregates （PMA） and form platelet thromboses. Therefore, the activation of platelets plays a key role in the formation of the physiological hemostasis and pathological thrombosis. In recent years,the platelet apoptosis has gradually aroused the concern of researchers. At present, the molecular mechanisms of platelet activation and apoptosis has not yet been fully elucidated. Many studies have confirmed various＇ stimuli which are able to induce platelet activation or apoptosis could induce the platelet to produce reactive oxygen species （ROS）. And the role of ROS in the activation and apoptosis of platelets is attracting researchers＇ attention. This paper mainly summarizes the latest research progress of the effect of ROS in the platelets activation and apoptosis.