北京某地区流动儿童父母教养方式分析

Parenting Style of Migrant Children- Taking a Junior Middle School of Migrant Children in Beijing as an Example

目的:了解北京某流动儿童集中地区流动儿童父母教养方式状况,探索其与本地儿童父母教养方式差异及对儿童心理健康的影响。方法:采用父母教育评价量表对北京市某打工子弟中学305名流动儿童及某农村普通中学205名本地儿童进行问卷调查,采用Epi-data 3.1建立数据库并进行录入,运用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计描述与统计推断,检验水准取α=0.05。结果:父亲教养方式方面,流动儿童家庭与本地儿童家庭在6个因子的差异均具有统计学意义,流动儿童父亲教养方式总体倾向于惩罚、严厉、过分干涉、拒绝、否认、过度保护;情感温暖与理解远低于本地儿童(t=-3.425,P<0.001)。而母亲教养方式方面,流动儿童的母亲教养方式也较缺乏情感温暖与理解,偏爱被试程度较本地儿童低(t=-6.104,-2.633;P<0.01),总体倾向于拒绝、否认与惩罚、严厉。结论:流动儿童家庭与本地儿童家庭的教养方式存在差异,流动儿童的父母较多采用消极教养方式。

Objective： To understand the status of parenting style of migrant children,and explore the difference of parenting style between migrant children and local children. Methods： To conduct questionnaire survey on 357 migrant children from a junior middle school of migrant children in Beijing and 220 local children from a rural regular junior middle school with Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran（ EMBU）; To establish a database with Epi- data 3. 1 for input; To use SPSS13. 0 for statistical description and statistical inference,inspection standards taking α = 0. 05. Results： For father＇s parenting style,there were statistical differences on six factors between migrant children family and local children family,father＇s parenting style of migrant children on the whole tended to punishment,rigor,excessive interference,decline,denial and overprotection,emotional warmth and understanding were far below local children（ t =-3. 425,P〈0. 001）; For mother ＇s parenting style,mother ＇s parenting style of migrant children lacked emotional warmth and understanding,favor of subjects lower than local children（ t =-6. 104,-2. 633; P〈0. 01）,on the whole tended to decline,denial,punishment and rigor. Conclusion： There is significant difference in parenting style between migrant children family and local children family,parenting style in migrant chilsren family is negative.