“不再”的语法化历程及其残余表现

The Grammarization of“Buzai”and Its Remnant Performance

"不再"最初是一个跨层结构,在现代汉语中已经演变成语义虚化,表示事件过程的完结或频度终止的副词。"不+再"从修饰一个简单的动作到修饰一个完整的事件,"不"与"再"的紧邻共现,以及"再"与谓语中心的线性距离疏远,使"不"与"再"的关系更加紧密,逐渐融合成一个副词;词汇的双音化与语言使用的主观化倾向也促使"不再"发生语法化。现代还残留有"XX不再"格式,但多见于新闻报刊、影视解说词中,具有书面语的风格。

As a trans-layered structure in Old Chinese, ＂buzai（不再）＂ has evolved to a semantically bleaching adverb which means the end of events or the termination of frequency in modern Chinese. ＂Buzai＂ can modify not only a single action but also a whole incident today. The adjacency in the syntactic environment of ＂bu＂ and ＂zai＂ and the estrangement in the syntactic environment of ＂zai＂ and predicate head make ＂bu＂ and ＂zai＂ closer, thus merging into an adverb gradually. Besides, the bisyllablization of vocabulary and acceleration of subjectification in the aspect of language use motivate the grammarization of ＂buzai＂. There is still a kind of remnant structure of ＂XX buzai＂, which is often used in newspapers, films and television commentary with the style of written language.