儿童甲病的诊断和治疗进展

Diagnosis and treatment of nail diseases in children: an update

儿童甲病与成人不同,可分为先天性或遗传性甲病综合征和获得性甲病两类。常见的先天遗传性甲病综合征包括先天性厚甲症、遗传性全白甲、先天性角化不良、甲-髌骨综合征和黄甲综合征。获得性甲病包括真菌性甲病、非真菌性甲病、损伤性甲病和甲肿瘤。儿童甲病应通过全面的体格检查后再诊断。

Nail diseases in children are different from those observed in adults, which can be divided into two categories：congenital or inherited and acquired conditions. Congenital or inherited nail diseases include pachyonychia congenita, inherited leukonychia, dyskeratosis congenita, nail-patella syndrome, yellow nail syndrome and so on. Acquired nail diseases consist of onychomycosis, nonfungal onychopathy, trauma and nail tumors. Evaluation of the nails should be part of any medical examination.