鄧皋错金银铜弩机及其相关问题探析

On Bronze Crossbow Plating with Gold and Silver Used by Deng Gao and Other Related Issues

弩是我国古代一种强劲有力的远射兵器。它起源于弓,春秋时期出现,由弓、弩臂、弩机三部分组成,能射远中敌,在战场上发挥了巨大作用。它由历代官府制造,并刻上制造机构、监造官吏、工匠甚至使用者的名字。其关键构件弩机,也随着时代发展、社会进步、战争需要,在不断地演变、改进。本文所介绍的河南省文物交流中心所藏铜弩机,原定是东汉时期错金银铜弩机,经探析,认为应是三国时期吴国鄧皋错金银铜弩机。

Nu （Crossbow） is a very powerful standoff weapon in Chinese ancient time. It originated from Gong （bow）, appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period. It was composed by three parts of bow, arm, and crossbow. It was a long-range weapon, and played a huge role in ancient war. It was made by all previous dy- nasties rulers, and engraved the manufacturing organization, the supervision officials, the craftsmen, and e- ven the user sometime on it. The critical part Nu evolved and improved continually as the times progressed, with the development of society, and in demand of the war. The bronze crossbow inlaided with gold and silver in this article was identified as Eastern Han nearthed at first, but now is identified as Wu in Three kingdoms used by Deng Gao through the analysis.