陕西临潼新丰秦墓出土铜镜的科学分析

Scientific Analysis on Bronze Mirror Newly Unearthed from Qin Tomb of County Lintong City Shanxi Province

本文对出土于新丰秦墓的23面铜镜进行了金相组织观察和扫描电子显微镜能谱成分分析,并结合实验数据对这一时期铜镜制造中是否存在热处理工艺进行了探讨。研究结果表明,本文分析的铜镜均为铸造而成,并未普遍经淬火、回火等热处理,与同时期其他地区出土的铜镜相比,铅锡含量较高且成分波动较小,表明这一时期关中地区的铜镜制作技术达到了较高的水平。本文还认为秦镜中较高的锡含量导致其脆性增加,可能是出土秦镜多已破碎的原因之一。

On the basis of metallographic and SEM-EDS analyses of 23 bronze mirrors unearthed from the Xinfeng cemetery, which is dated to the 4th-3rd centuries BC, this paper discusses whether the heat treat- ment process was conducted during the manufacturing of these mirrors. The analyses results show that all of them were cast without any intentional heat treatments such has quenching or tempering. In comparison with the mirrors found in other regions, they contain a relatively high and consistent level of lead and tin contents, suggesting a developed craftsmanship in mirror manufacturingin the Guanzhong region during the period con- cerned. It is also suggested that the relatively high level of tin in these mirrors could have contributed to the fact that most unearthed Qin mirrors were already broken.