孤独症谱系障碍研究进展及中国西部地区研究现状

Research Progress on Autism Spectrum Disorders and Current Situations in Western China

孤独症谱系障碍(ASDs)是一系列相关性发育障碍,始于儿童期并持续发展到成年期.ASDs可导致多种以社会行为异常和交流障碍为特点的症状.尽管ASDs的详细病因学和机制目前尚未明了,但近年来有许多新的研究和发现.目前普遍认为,ASDs的发病原因可能与多种因素有关,包括遗传因素、脑功能异常、环境因素和其他.我国西部地区对孤独症病因学、发病机制的研究和流行病学调查起步相对较晚,西部地区的主要研究集中在成都、南宁、西安、兰州、贵阳和重庆.多数儿科医师对孤独症认识不足,整体诊断水平有待提高.

Autism spectrum disorders（ASDs） are a range of related developmental disorders that begin in childhood and persist throughout adulthood. ASDs can cause a wide range of symptoms characterized by abnormalities of social interactions and impairments of communication. Althouth the detailed etiology and mechanism of ASDs are not known now, there is a great deal of new research and new information on the subject recently. ASDs are likely to have multiple etiologies including genetics, brain structure, environmental impacts and more. In western China, studies about ASDs on etiology, pathogenesis and epidemiology have been started relatively late, and most of these researches were carried out in the cities such as Chengdu, Nanning, Xi’an, Lanzhou, Guiyang and Chongqing. So far, it’s urgent for most of the pediatricians to recognize the deficiency on the knowledge of autism and to improve the level of diagnosing this disease.