论商标禁止注册事由概括性条款的解释冲突

Study on the Interpretation Conflicts of General Clauses on Grounds for Refusing Trademark Registration

司法实践中对商标禁止注册事由概括性条款的解释,存在严重的不一致。这种解释冲突现象破坏了法律的可预见性和利益状态的稳定性。解释冲突首先源于立法的逻辑与表述缺陷,仅从文本中难以推导出一种有权威性的解读以统一分歧。在不同的解释之间没有根本性高下之分时,司法者应该尽量尊重先前的裁判惯例,促成共识的达成,不宜过分执着于"我见"。在选择统一的解释方案时,应关注各条款之间的关系,不能孤立地解读单一条款。有必要保留权利与法益的区分,不宜用"在先权利"条款保护法益。

In judicial practice, there exist serious divergences on the interpretations of general clauses on grounds for refusing trademark registration, which damaged the predictability of law and the stability of interest status. Such interpretation conflicts firstly due to the flaws in logic and expression of Chinese Trademark law, for that no authoritative interpretations capable of disambiguating can be deduced from the legislation text. In the context that no interpretation obviously more reasonable than the others, a judicator should respect the common practice in prior administrative and judicial decisions and promote the reaching of consensus, instead of adhering excessively to his own way of interpretation. For making choice from deferent interpretation ways, it＇s necessary to take account of the relations among deferent clauses rather than reading one clause isolatedly, and to keep the distinction between ＂statutory right＂ and ＂non-statutory interest＂. The orotection of＂non-statutorv interest＂ should not invoke the ＂nrior ri ~ht~＂ clml^e_