气管异物及急救方法的法医病理学探讨

A Forensic Study of the Foreign Body Airway Obstruction and Its Emergency Treatment

目的探讨气管异物及气管异物急救方法的法医病理学特点。方法复习相关文献并结合四川大学华西法医学鉴定中心2000年-2012年间8例典型气管异物窒息死亡案例进行分析探讨。结果气管异物种类以食物多见,多发生于小儿、老年人以及中年醉酒者,海姆立克急救法对于气管异物窒息的抢救是有效的,但不恰当的操作亦会引起胸腹腔内的脏器损伤。结论应提高对气管异物的认识,加强气管异物预防及急救方法的宣传,降低气管异物发生率及病死率。

Objective To explore the forensic pathology features of foreign body and its emergency treatment： Heimlich maneuver. Methods We carried out a review of relevant literature and autopsy findings of 8 cases of foreign body suffocation at West China Forensic Identification Center of Sichuan University from 2000 to 2012. Results ＂lhe most common foreign body reported was undigested food. Children, old people and middle-aged men who were drunk were vulnerable to choking. ＂rhe most effective resuscitative procedure in such cases was Heimlich maneuver, but it had been noted to result in significant intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic injuries if performed incorrectly. Conclusion It is necessary to take some preventive measures to avoid the foreign body, and the publicity of Heimlich maneuver to reduce the incidence and mortality of foreign body is important.