解放军援利医疗队埃博拉防治培训体系的评价与建议

Evaluation of anti-Ebola training system in the PLA Medical Team to Liberia and some suggestion

目的总结中国人民解放军第二批援利医疗队开展抗击埃博拉任务培训体系特点,并提出建议。方法在赴利比里亚前,医疗队开展了专项培训。本次培训以埃博拉相关理论讲授及防护技能训练为重点,并开展了工作制度及流程、应急预案及外事教育等培训。通过集中讲授与分散自习相结合的方式开展理论学习;通过视频及现场演示、模组化训练加强防护技能培训;最后通过模组化情景模拟训练和督导考核将理论、技能、工作流程及应急演练等有机结合,使各部门相互协调配合发挥作用,达到了预期培训目的。结果专项培训卓有成效。通过总结,我们建议,针对大部分非传染病专业人员,有必要在理论培训中加入传染病总论、传染病防控原则及规范等概论内容,以指导受训者在工作中解决具体问题。另外,开展心理辅导,消除队员内心的恐惧和焦虑等不良情绪,使队员学会自我疏导,也有助于医疗队在域外顺利安全开展任务。结论重大突发传染病疫情专业培训体系为实现"打胜仗、零感染"的目标奠定了坚实的基础。模组化情景模拟训练方法是应对突发传染病疫情医疗队战前培训的有效方法,应被广泛推广应用。

Objective To summarize the characteristics of the training system for the Second Medical Team of Chinese People＇s Liberation Army（PLA）to Liberia for anti-Ebola mission and to give some suggestion.Methods Before going to Liberia,the Second Medical Team of Chinese PLA received pertinent training focusing on Ebola-related theories and practical protection skills.Training on working regulation and procedures,emergency protocol and foreign affair was also given.Theory learning was carried out by combining lectures and self-teaching;protection skills were strengthened by watching video,live demonstration and modular training.Finally,modular situation simulation and supervision assessment were used to integrate the theories,skills,working procedures and urgent drill,making each section coordinate and function well to achieve the designed training goals.Results The pertinent training was effective.We suggested that it is necessary to include general introduction of lemology,principles and rules of protection and control of communicable diseases in theory learning so as to guide the trainees to solve specific problems during their work.In addition,psychological counseling for the purpose of eliminating the members＇ fear and anxiety and other negative emotions,and learning self-grooming,are also helpful to facilitate the execution of mission in foreign areas.Conclusion The petinent training has laid a solid foundation for achieving the goal of ＂win the war,zero infection＂during emergent medical situation.Modular scenario simulation training method is effective for emergent response training of medical team for communicable diseases,and it should be widely used.