高孔隙率微观多孔泡沫铁的制备

Preparation of high-porosity microporous iron foam

采用导电聚氨酯泡沫为基体,在以Fe Cl2为主盐的体系中利用电沉积/氢还原处理方法制备了高孔隙率、微观多孔的泡沫铁。结合X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及压缩应力-应变曲线测试,研究了工艺条件对泡沫铁微观形貌及抗压性能的影响。结果表明:溶液p H为2,电流密度4 A/dm2,沉积时间16 h,在氮气气氛中600°C直接快速焙烧并随炉冷却,可获得高孔隙率、微观多孔、力学性能良好的泡沫铁,其孔隙率达90%,抗压强度约4.5 MPa。超声波辅助电沉积有利于提高泡沫铁的抗压强度,但其孔隙率有所下降。

A microporous iron foam with high porosity was prepared via electrodeposition on the template of conductive polyurethane foam in a FeCl2-based electrolyte followed by reduction in hydrogen atmosphere. The effects of process conditions on microstructure and compressive strength of the iron foam were studied by combination of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and stress vs. strain curve measurement. It was shown that microporous iron foams with high porosity （up to 90%） and excellent mechanical properties （whose compressive strength is about 4.5 MPa） can be obtained via electrodeposition at pH 2 and current density 4 A/dm^2 for 16 h followed by direct calcination at 600 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere and cooling in stove. Ultrasonic assisted electrodeposition is beneficial to the enhancement of compressive strength of the iron foam, but decreases its porosity.