普通小麦-华山新麦草1Ns二体异附加系的分子细胞遗传学研究

Molecular Cytogenetic Study on Wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica 1Ns Disomic Addition Line

为给后续研究和利用普通小麦-华山新麦草衍生后代H1-1-3-1-9-8提供依据,用形态学、细胞学及分子生物学方法对该材料进行分析研究。结果表明,H1-1-3-1-9-8在株高、穗长、穗型等性状上与华山新麦草无显著差异,千粒重平均44.2 g,较亲本显著增加;H1-1-3-1-9-8的染色体构型为2n=44=22Ⅱ;经原位杂交鉴定,H1-1-3-1-9-8存在两条华山新麦草外源信号,且能够配对;选取普通小麦7个部分同源群上的64对EST-STS引物对H1-1-3-1-9-8进行分析,第一部分同源群上的BE443796、BE446010、BE497584、BF202643、BG262410、BG607965和BM140362七对引物扩增出了华山新麦草的特异条带;经种子贮藏蛋白变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,H1-1-3-1-9-8具有华山新麦草特有的高分子量谷蛋白亚基。以上结果说明,H1-1-3-1-9-8是普通小麦-华山新麦草1Ns二体异附加系。

To provide the basis for further research and utilization of derivative of wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng H1-1-3-1-9-8,study has been conducted with morphologic,cytological,and molecular biological methods. Results indicated that stemLength,spike length and spike sharp of H1-1-3-1-9-8 were similar to P.huashanica Keng,but thousand kernel weight was 44. 2 g,which was superior to the parent. Cytology analysis showed that the chromosome configuration was 2n = 44 = 22Ⅱ. Genomic in situ hybridization（ GISH） analysis showed that the materials had a pair of Ns chromosomes with yellow-green signals. 64 pairs of STS markers distributed in seven homoeologous groups of wheat were selected to identify the Ns chromosome. Seven markers including BE443796,BE446010,BE497584,BF202643,BG262410,BG607965 and BM140362,which were mapped on homoeologous group 1 chromosomes,amplified specific bands for P. huashanica Keng. Unique bands of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit specific from P. huashanica were detected by SDSPAGE. Thus,it can be concluded that H1-1-3-1-9-8 is a wheat-P. huashanica Keng 1Ns disomic addition line.