大麦耐迟播高分蘖资源的鉴定与筛选

Identification and Selection of High Tillering Germplasms of Barley under Late Sowing Condition

为给耐迟播高产大麦育种提供基础材料,以505份大麦种质资源(农家品种131份,国内育成品种(系)271份,国外引进品种103份)为材料,通过对不同迟播日期下大麦资源分蘖特性的鉴定、迟播资源的亚群体划分及其入选的迟播高分蘖资源有效分蘖的鉴定等工作来筛选耐迟播大麦种质资源。结果表明,随着播期的推迟,大麦资源的分蘖数显著降低,但大麦资源分蘖的基因型差异很大。16个分子标记共检测到78个多态位点,根据分子标记检测结果,505份迟播资源被划分为8个亚群,各亚群中根据分蘖数选取耐迟播高分蘖资源,共选出55份资源,其中农家品种12份,育成品种(系)35份,国外品种8份。入选的55份高分蘖资源的有效分蘖数也有显著差异,有22份资源的有效分蘖数在两个播期下均显著高于对照,这些高分蘖资源的鉴定为改良大麦品种耐迟播特性提供了重要的基因资源。

To provide germplasm resources with late sowing and high yield for barley breeding,505 barley germplasms,including 131 landraces,271 modern varieties and 103 foreign varieties,were assessed on tillers under late sowing condition. Genetic structure of the population was investigated using structure software. 55 barley germplasms selected with productive tillers were evaluated. The results showed that tillers of these barley germplasms decreased along with postponed sowing,and there were obvious differences in barley germplasm genotypes. Totally 78 polymorphic loci were identified among these germplasms using 16 markers. The population above could be divided into 8 subgroups according to molecular detection. Fifty five barley germplasms,involving 12 landraces,35 modern varieties and 8 foreign varieties,were selected from different subgroups. There were significant differences in productive tillers of the selected barley germplasms under late sowing. The productive tillers of 22 resources were significantly higher than CK under both sowing dates. Identification of these barley germplasms will provide important gene resources for barley variety improvement with late sowing tolerance.