用空间解析几何法进行天文定位定向的误差分析

Error analysis of space analytic geometry method for celestial position and orientation determination

为了确定三视场定位定向设备各个误差源对定位定向误差的影响,建立了定位定向的误差分析模型。首先,给出了三视场导航设备采用空间解析几何法进行定位定向的原理。其次,指出影响定位定向的各个误差源,归纳分析了误差源的特性、概率分布以及误差源对定位定向信息对的影响。然后,利用定位定向原理建立起定位定向误差分析模型。最后,利用蒙特卡罗法进行误差仿真分析。仿真结果表明系统的定位均值误差为121.0 m;定向均值误差为7.4″,并指出定位定向主要的误差源是水平测量误差,其次是垂线偏差数据的误差。野外实验表明,该系统的定位均值误差为182.12 m;定向均值误差为9.3″,水平测倾角的误差对定位定向结果的影响最大。

In order to determine the influence of each error source on position and orientation determination error for three-field position and orientation device, the error analysis model of system was established. Firstly, the principle of three-field position and orientation device using space analytic geometry method was proposed, and the various error sources which affected accuracy of position and orientation was pointed out. Secondly, the characteristic and the probability distribution of error source were summarized; and the impact of error sources on position and orientation information pair was assessed. Then, the position and orientation error analysis model was established by using the homogeneous coordinate transformation matrix and principle of navigation. Finally, the error simulation was analyzed by using Monte Carlo method. The simulation results show that mean of position fix error is 121.0 m, mean of orientation fix error is 7.4＇＇, and it is pointed out that dominant error source is horizontal measurement error, followed by data error of deviation of vertical. Field experiments show that the mean of position fix error is 182.12 m; mean of orientation fix error is 9.3＂, and it is demonstrated that horizontal measurement error has the main influence on the overall outcome.