影响糖尿病患者自我管理相关因素及全程健康教育护理效果的研究

Study on relevant factors influencing self-management of diabetic patients and the effects on whole course health education and nursing

目的探讨影响糖尿病患者自我管理相关因素及全程健康教育护理效果。方法对2012年5月~2014年1月新昌县人民医院收治的248例糖尿病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据护理方式分为两组,并比较两组血糖控制率、糖尿病知识掌握率、自我管理率、患者满意度。结果糖尿病知识得分、自我效能、社会支持、年龄、文化程度是糖尿病患者自我管理的独立影响因素。观察组血糖控制率、糖尿病知识掌握率、自我管理率、患者满意度均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论患者的年龄、文化程度、糖尿病认知、自我效能及社会支持是糖尿病自我管理的主要影响因素,临床上可进行全程健康教育护理,提高患者的糖尿病知识掌握度,优化自我管理水平。

Objective To explore relevant factors influencing self-management of diabetic patients and the effects on whole course health education and nursing. Methods Clinical data of 248 diabetic patients who were admitted to Peo-ple＇s Hospital of Xinchang County from May 2012 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. They were assigned to two groups according to their nursing methods. Control rate of blood sugar, master rate of knowledge on diabetes,self-management rate and satisfaction of patients were compared between both groups. Results Scores of knowledge on diabetes, self-efficacy, social support, age and cultural background were independent influencing factors for self-management of diabetic patients. Control rate of blood sugar, master rate of knowledge on diabetes, self-management rate and satisfaction of patients in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group, and the dif-ferences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Patients＇ age,cultural background,knowledge on diabetes,self-efficacy and social support are main influencing factors for self-management of diabetes. In clinical settings,whole course health education and nursing can be carried out, so as to improve patients＇ master rate of knowledge on diabetes,and optimize self-management levels.