双语优势理论视域下的新疆国家通用语教学改革探析

Analysis on Teaching Reform of National Common Language in Xinjiang according to Bilingual Advantage Theory

20世纪以来研究者们在双语对智力影响方面做了大量研究,文章对这些研究从负面影响、中性观点和积极影响三个时期进行了阐述,提出学习者的双语水平达到一定程度时,双语对智力有积极影响,双语优势至少表现在语言理解性、交际敏感性、文化适应性、思维发散性四个方面;认为现今新疆国家通用语教学应凸显包括语言、交际、文化和思维优势,使少数民族学生更好地掌握国家通用语,以促进文化交融,增强国家认同,维护国家统一和长治久安。

Since 20 th century,researchers have made a vast of researches to pursue the answer of bilingual learning whether or not to improve intelligence of learner.The paper arranged the researches by three aspects,i.e.negative influence,neutral view,positive influence,concluded that bilingual learning has positive influence to intelligence of learner,when his/her bilingual level reach a certain degree,and the bilingual advantage at least showed in the four aspects,such as language understanding,sensation in communication,adaptation of culture and divergent thinking.The paper deems that the national common language teaching in Xinjiang should focus on the four advantages mentioned above,assist minority students to master the national common language better,promote different ethnic cultures to integrate,enhance identify with country,maintain long-term stability and national unity.