辽阳市宏伟区学龄前儿童忽视状况及其影响因素分析

Cross-sectional Study on the Influencial Factors of Neglect among Children Aged 3-6 in Hongwei Liaoyang City

目的 了解辽阳市宏伟区学龄前儿童忽视状况,探讨影响学龄前儿童忽视的相关因素,为制定相应的干预措施和政策提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样和整群抽样相结合的方法,对辽阳市宏伟区9所幼儿园957名3~6岁儿童的父母进行问卷调查。结果 辽阳市宏伟区学龄前儿童忽视发生率为11.1%。影响学龄前儿童忽视发生率的主要因素有母亲的文化程度和儿童是否为独生子女;影响学龄前儿童忽视严重程度的主要因素有母亲的文化程度、孩子由父亲或母亲照顾、是否独生子女及儿童的性别。单亲家庭儿童受忽视率最高,三代同堂最低。结论 辽阳市宏伟区学龄前儿童忽视现象较为严重。母亲的文化程度、性格等个体特征、家庭经济条件等影响儿童忽视的各个层面,是儿童忽视的主要影响因素。因此,在对儿童忽视进行干预时应综合考虑以上因素,充分利用家庭、学校及社会等因素,提高每位家庭成员（特别是母亲）以及社会对儿童忽视问题的认知和理解,有针对性地开展干预工作,建立有效干预机制。

OBJECTIVE To study the status and the influencing factors of child neglect among children aged 3 - 6 in Liaoyang and provide evidence for the prevention measures. METHODS 957 children＇s parents were chosen from 9 kindergartens to fill in the questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence rate of children＇s neglect was 11.1% in urban children in Hongwei Liaoyang. The main influencing factors were mother＇s education level and only-child or not. The influencing factors to neglect degree were mother＇s education, care of mother/father, only-child or not and genders. CONCLUSION Child neglect was serious among urban children in Hongwei District of Liaoyang. The education level of parents, care by father or mother and only-child or not were closely related to child neglect. Therefore, the factors should be comprehensively considered while performing children neglection; to fully ulilize factors of family, school and society, improve the recognization and understand of each family member （especically mother） and society on children neglection problem, approately implement prention work and establish prevenion mechnism.