基于单螺杆膨胀机的分布式太阳能热电联供系统

Distributed Solar CHP System Based on Single Screw Expander

分布式太阳能热电联供系统可实现热电联供,满足居民的用电以及生活热水和供暖的需求,在城市和农村建筑中具有广阔的市场。单螺杆膨胀机具有受力平衡、寿命长、振动噪音小等优点,十分符合分布式太阳能热电联供系统的要求。单螺杆膨胀机分布式太阳能热电联供系统,主要包括非跟踪中温太阳能集热简单有机朗肯循环热电联供系统、分布式槽式或线性菲涅尔太阳能聚光带回热两级有机朗肯循环热电联供系统和分布式碟式太阳能聚光蒸汽朗肯循环热电联供系统三种。本文的课题组攻克了单螺杆膨胀机螺杆和星轮的加工技术,研制了五种型号的单螺杆膨胀机,并进行了压缩空气和有机朗肯循环性能试验,试验结果表明研制的单螺杆膨胀机最高效率可达70%以上,最大功率172kW,最小功率5kW。

： Distributed solar CHP system can be used to meet the demands for electricity, heating and hot water of the residents, and has a broad market in urban and rural construction. Single screw expander is suitable for the distributed solar CHP system due to it has many advantages, such as force balance, long life, low vibration noise, and so on. The distributed solar CHP system with single screw expander mainly including distributed solar CHP system with non tracking collector and organic Rankine cycle system, distributed solar CHP system with trough or linear Fresnel collector and a dual loop organic Rankine cycle, and distributed solar CHP system with dish solar concentrator and steam Rankine cycle. A generating processing technology to manufacture screw and gaterotors at high precision was developed and five types of expanders were successfully developed. Three single screw expander test systems with steam, compressed air and organic rankine cycle were set up and realized the successful operation. The off-design performance curves of single screw expanders and system with three working fluids were obtained. The test results show that the developed single screw expanders have the highest efficiency over 70%, the maximum power of 172kW with minimum power of 5kW.