一种低凝固点起泡剂的制备与性能评价

Preparation and evaluation of a low-freezing point foaming agent

水基泡沫在石油钻井、驱油及矿物浮选等方面应用广泛,但泡沫本质上是热力学不稳定体系,良好的稳定性是其应用的前提。基于不同表面活性剂的协同作用,利用罗氏-迈尔斯法评价复配体系的起泡能力,由此筛选出一种高起泡性的起泡剂,用该起泡剂复配降低凝固点的辅剂和稳泡剂之后利用Waring Blender法评价最终复配体系的起泡及稳泡能力,由此筛选出一种低凝固点、闪点高、发泡能力强的起泡剂ZX-28,评价其表面张力和油水界面张力。实验结果表明,起泡剂ZX-28的组成为:28.2%LAES+1.4%CAB+5.6%HABS-2024+0.2%HPAM-1600+30%1,2-丙二醇(重量百分数),凝固点为-16℃,在104℃开始沸腾没有闪点,在20℃下,3 g/L起泡剂ZX-28的表面张力为28.5 m N/m,和原油的界面张力为2.5 m N/m,加入稳泡剂之后100 m L基液的发泡量为788 m L,气泡呈球形,属于典型的细小泡沫,半衰期长达3 720 min,稳定性高。该起泡剂成本低,同时也是一种环保型油气田工作液。

Water-based foam is widely used in oil drilling, oil displacement and mineral flotation etc. However, foam is essentially a thermodynamically unstable system and good stability is the premise of its application. The foaming abilities of different composited systems were evaluated by the Ross-Miles method based on different surfactant agents＇ synergistic effect and selected the most effective composited system as base foaming agent. After that, the foaming performance and foam stability of the final foaming sys tem composited with base foaming agent, freezing point reducer and foam stabilizer were evaluated by Waring Blender method and selected a foaming agent system, ZX-28, with low freezing point, high flash point and good foaming ability, and then, the interfacial tension and surface tension of the foaming system were tested. The experimental results show that composition for foaming agent ZX-28 ： 28.2% LAES ＋ 1.4% CAB ＋ 5.6% HABS-2024 ＋ 0.2% HPAM-1600 ＋ 30% 1,2 propylene glycol （ weight percentage ）, its freezing point is -16 ~C ,it start boiling at 104 ℃ has no flash point,at 20 ℃ ,3 g/L foaming agent ZX- 28＇ s surface tension is 28.5 mN/m, the water-oil interfacial tensionis 2.5 mN/m. After adding foam sta- bilizer, 100 mL base foam volume is 788 mL, spherical bubbles, belongs to the typical small bubbles. Half- life is up to 3 720 min,with high stability. The foaming agent with low cost, and also is a kind of environmental protection type oil and gas working fluid.