南京方言宕江两摄入声韵的共时变异及历时演变研究

On Synchronic Variation and Diachronic Evolution of the Entering Tone in Dang and Jiang Classes in Nanjing Dialect

南京是中国四大古都之一,其方言古为吴语,由于历史上多次北人南下,充实江淮间,现已演变为江淮官话。本文考察南京方言宕江两摄入声韵在老、中、青、少四个年龄段的共时变异,分析宕江两摄入声韵的语音层次,探讨普通话渗透、嵌入南京方言的方式和步骤,讨论南京方言入声韵的演变轨迹和发展趋势。

Nanjing has been recognized as one of the four Great Ancient Capitals of China where Wu dialect was originally spoken but later replaced by Jianghuai Mandarin due to the northern immigrants＇ settlement in the Jianghuai area during different periods of history. This paper explores the diachronic age-based variations of the entering tone of Dang and Jiang rhyme classes （sh~） in terms of phonetic data collected from seniors, middle aged, young adults and adolescents. In addition, it analyzes phonetic levels of these sounds and discusses the means and stages of Putonghua＇s intervention and diffusion into the Nanjing dialect, thereby to point out the possible evolutionary track and developmental trend of the entering tone in the Nanjing dialect.