物理化学综合实验——常见钾盐对水比热容的影响

Influencing of Potassium Salt on the Specific Heat Capacity of Water——a Comprehensive Experiment of Physical Chemistry

设计了一个物理化学综合实验——常见钾盐对水比热容的影响。在检验量热计在室温附近的绝热性能满足实验要求基础上,首先测定了量热计的热容,然后采用电热法测量了不同浓度钾盐水溶液的比热容。获得了水溶液比热容随氯化钾和硝酸钾浓度的增加而减小的变化规律和变化规律线性方程,并比较了不同钾盐之间的影响差异。通过常见钾盐对水比热容的影响实验的开展,培养了学生发现、分析、解决问题的能力。

A comprehensive experiment of physical chemistry was designed to investigate the influence of different potassium salts on the specific heat capacity of water. In the experiment,the adiabaticity of the calorimeter was measured at ambient temperature,and the results indicated that the adiabaticity of the calorimeter can meet the requirements of the designed experiment. Based on the measurements of the calorimeter adiabaticity,the specific heat capacity of the aqueous solution with different potassium concentrations was measured using an electrothermal method.The results indicated that the solution specific heat capacity decreases gradually with the potassium concentration increasing,and that potassium chloride shows the strongest influence on the specific heat capacity of water among the investigated potassium salts. This exploratory research will help the students develop their abilities in discovering,analyzing and solving problems.