稳定期精神分裂症患者睡眠结构特点及其影响因素

Sleep structure characteristics and its effect factors in stable state patients with schizophrenia

目的：探讨稳定期精神分裂症患者睡眠结构特点及其影响因素。方法：采用随机整群抽样方法,对114例稳定期精神分裂症患者进行多导睡眠图（PSG）检查,分析睡眠结构及其影响因素。结果：入组患者睡眠潜伏期平均为47 min,睡眠时间约5.5 h,睡眠效率66.14%。Ⅰ-Ⅳ期及快动眼（REM）期睡眠分别占总睡眠19.31%、57.68%、1.17%、1.02%及20.83%。睡眠效率正常24例（21.1%）,Ⅲ期睡眠缺如42例（36.8%）,Ⅳ期睡眠缺如90例（78.9%）,REM期睡眠缺如6例（5.3%）。Logistic回归分析显示镇静催眠药物对于Ⅳ期睡眠的影响具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：稳定期精神分裂症患者睡眠效率下降,浅睡眠增多,深睡眠减少;镇静催眠药可有效改善患者的睡眠结构。

Objective： To explore the sleep structure characteristics and its effect factors in stable state patients with schizophrenia. Method： Using random cluster sampling method,polysomnography（ PSG） examination was performed in 114 stable state patients with schizophrenia. The sleep structure and its effect factors were analyzed. Results： The average time from lights-off to sleep in patients was 47 min,the average sleep time was5. 5 h,the sleep efficiency was 66. 14%. The distribution of stagesⅠto Ⅳ and rapid eye movement（ REM） in total sleep time were 19. 31%,57. 68%,1. 17%,1. 02% and 20. 83%. Only 24（ 21. 1%） cases had normal sleep efficiency. Forty-two（ 36. 8%） cases had sleep absence in stage III,90（ 78. 9%） cases with sleep absence in stageⅣ,6（ 5. 3%） cases with sleep absence in stage of rapid eye movement（ REM）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio of sedative hypnotic drugs effect on sleep stage Ⅳ was 5. 70（ 95% CI： 1. 22- 26. 57）.Conclusion： The sleep efficiency is reduced in schizophrenia patients,the stage of shallow sleep is increased and deep sleep is decreased. Sedative hypnotics can effectively improve the patient＇s sleep structure.