新疆野杏种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系的ISSR分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Relationship of Wild Apricot Germplasm in Xinjiang by ISSR Markers

为了探讨新疆野杏种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,利用ISSR分子标记技术,对新疆伊犁地区3个居群、135份野杏种质资源进行了PCR扩增。研究表明,22条引物共扩增出465条多态性条带,多态性位点百分率为99.49%;从物种水平分析,新疆野杏种质资源的多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数分别为99.57%,1.9957,1.3879,0.2449,0.3874;从居群水平分析,各居群的多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数各指标的平均值分别为76.80%,1.7680,1.3463,0.2120和0.3287;3个居群的各项指标均为霍城居群最高,新源居群最低,巩留居群居中;新疆野杏种质资源的遗传变异主要来自于居群内(86.43%),少部分来自于居群间(13.57%);各居群中霍城居群和新源居群亲缘关系最近,遗传分化程度小;新源居群和巩留居群间亲缘关系最远,遗传分化程度大。

ISSR molecular marker technology was used to amplify 3 populations of wild apricot resources in Yili area,Xinjiang,135 wild apricot samples in order to discuss genetic diversity and genetic relationships of wild apricot germplasm resources in Xinjiang.The results showed that 465 polymorphism bands were amplified with 22 primers by the ISSR-PCR amplification,the percentage of polymorphism loci was 99.49%.Analysis from the species level showed that percentage of polymorphic loci,observed number of al-leles,effective number of alleles,Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon information index were 99.57%, 1.9957,1.3879,0.2449 and 0.3874 respectively;Analysis from the population levels showed that the aver-age values of percentage of the polymorphic loci,observed number of alleles,effective number of alleles, Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon information index were 76.80%,1.7680,1.3463,0.2120 and 0.3287 re-spectively.Huocheng ranks first among the different index of three populations,Xinyuan population got the minimum,Gongliu population was in the middle.The genetic variation of the wild apricot resources in Xin-jiang mainly existed in the intra-population （84.85%）,and a few existed in the inter-population （15.15%）. The genetic relationship of Houcheng population and Xinyuan population was the closest,the genetic varia-tion degree was the smallest;But the genetic relationship between Xinyuan population and Gongliu popula-tion was the farthest,the genetic variation degree was greatest.