新疆小麦过氧化物酶活性基因TaPod-A1等位变异检测及其分布规律

Molecular Identification and Distribution of Peroxidase(POD)Gene TaPod-A1 in Xinjiang Wheat Cultivars

对129份新疆小麦品种(系)进行等位变异检测,分析过氧化物酶(POD)活性基因的分布规律。结果表明,129份新疆小麦品种(系)资源中,有78份(60.5%)材料能扩增出291bp片段,说明含有TaPod-A1a,有51份(39.5%)材料能扩增出766bp片段,说明含有TaPod-A1b。其中,105份冬小麦中TaPod-A1a的分布频率为68.6%,TaPod-A1b为31.4%;24份春小麦中TaPod-A1a的分布频率为25.0%,TaPod-A1b为75.0%,新疆春小麦品种(系)过氧化物酶高活性TaPod-A1b基因的分布频率(75.00%)高于冬小麦(28.6%)。在105份新疆冬小麦品种(系)中,地方品种、引进品种(系)和自育品种(系)TaPod-A1b基因的分布频率分别为5.9%(1/17),44.4%(20/45)和27.9%(12/43)。而在24份新疆春小麦品种(系)中,早期品种和近期品种TaPod-A1b基因的分布频率分别为100.0%(4/4)和70.0%(14/20)。以上结果表明,在新疆小麦中低过氧化物酶活性等位变异品种(系)的比例明显高于高过氧化物酶活性等位变异品种;新疆冬小麦自育品种受地方品种影响较大,过氧化物酶低活性TaPod-A1a基因比例较高(68.6%);自育品种受地方品种和引进品种的影响较大,过氧化物酶高活性TaPod-A1b基因比例显著提升(27.9%)。

Allelic variation of 129 wheat cultivars and advanced lines of Xinjiang were identified and distri-bution frequencies of peroxidase （POD）activity gene were analyzed.The results showed that in the 129 Xinjiang wheat varieties,a 291 bp fragment could be amplified by POD-3A1 in 78（60.5%）varieties,which means they had genotype of TaPod-A 1a ,a 766 bp fragment could be amplified by POD-3A2 in 5 1 （39.5%）varieties,which means they had genotype of TaPod-A 1b .In the 129 Xinjiang wheat germplasms, the frequencies of TaPod-A 1a and TaPod-A 1b were 68.6% and 31.4% in winter wheat varieties,25.0%and 75.0% in spring wheat varieties ,respectively .The distribution frequency of POD high-activity gene TaPod-A 1b in winter wheat varieties （lines）Xinjiang （31.4%）was much lowerr than that in spring wheat （75.0%）;The distribution frequences of 105 winter wheat varieties （lines）from local varieties,introduced varieties and self-cultivated TaPod-A 1b gene were 5.9% （1/17）,44.4% （20/45）and 27.9% （12/43）re-spectively.While the distribution frequences of 24 spring wheat varieties （lines）of Xinjiang from early and resent wheat varieties （lines）were 100.0% （4/4）and 70.0% （14/20）respectively.This study found that the frequencies of allelic variations of lower POD activity in Xinjiang wheat were significantly higher than that of the higher ones;and early wheat varieties in Xinjiang were greatly affected by local varieties,pro-portion of POD low activity gene TaPod-A 1a were relatively higher;self-cultivated wheat varieties were greatly affected by local varieties and introduced varieties,with a relatively high proportion of POD high ac-tivity gene TaPod-A 1b （27.9%）.