高速列车波纹外地板隔声与阻尼特性分析

Research on Transmission Loss and Damping Characteristics of External Floor for High-Speed Train

以高速列车波纹外地板为研究对像,利用统计能量分析原理,并结合声振分析软件VA One,研究了整个板材与其子板隔声量之间的关系以及对型材不同位置施加约束阻尼层对铝型材外地板减振降噪的影响。计算结果表明:整个板材结构的隔声量与其某个子板的隔声量之间存在一个常数差;将相同的阻尼层敷设在上顶板、下低板对阻尼损失系数和隔声量的贡献基本相同;而敷设在筋板上阻尼损耗因子较大,对隔声量的贡献与前两种工况基本一致,但因其附加质量较大而不利于轻量化设计。

Aluminum alloy extrusion of the external floor used in high-speed train was analyzed by statistical energy analysis and VA One software, and transmission loss and damping characteristics of the floor were studied. The results show that there is a constant difference between the board structure and a sub plate. When the same damping layer was laid on the roof, it has the same effect on the damping loss factor and transmission loss on the lower plate and upper plate ; while there is larger loss factor on laying damping in the rib plate, and the contribution of it is the same as the former two situations. But because of the larger mass, it is not beneficial to the lightweight design considerably.