大豆提取物对高同型半胱氨酸诱导的家兔动脉粥样硬化病变的影响

Effects of soybean extracts on atherosclerotic lesions induced by hyperhomocysteinemia in rabbits

目的探讨大豆提取物对高同型半胱氨酸诱导的家兔动脉粥样硬化(As)病变的防治作用。方法将80只新西兰家兔随机分为对照组、模型组、大豆提取物预防组及治疗组。除对照组外,其余各组复制高同型半胱氨酸诱导的家兔As病变模型,分别于预防组的0周、治疗组的12周开始给予不同剂量大豆提取物(30、60和180 mg/kg)直至24周。酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清同型半胱氨酸含量;光学显微镜检测主动脉壁病理改变。结果 12周后,与对照组比较,其余各组家兔血清同型半胱氨酸含量明显升高(P<0.01),并出现不同程度的主动脉壁病理改变。与模型组比较,随着大豆提取物剂量的增加,血清同型半胱氨酸含量呈逐渐下降趋势(P<0.05),同时家兔主动脉血管壁病理变化得到改善。结论高同型半胱氨酸可以诱导家兔形成As病变。大豆提取物可减少家兔血清同型半胱氨酸含量,并减轻主动脉壁As病变的形成。

[ Objective] To investigate the effects of soybean extracts on atherosclerotic lesions induced by hyperhomocysteinemia in rabbit. [Methods] First, eighty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control group, model group, soybean extract prevention group and soybean extract treatment group. The atherosclerotic lesion rabbit model induced by hyperhomocysteinemia was used in all the groups except for the control group. Then, the rabbits of the prevention and the treatment groups were fed with soybean extracts with the following three doses： 30 mg/kg （low dose group）, 60 mg/kg （middle dose group） and 180 mg/kg （high dose group） at week 0 and week 12, respectively. The experiment lasted for 24 weeks. The content of serum homocysteinemia was deteced by ELISA and atherosclerotic lesions were examined under light microscope. [Results] The serum level of homocysteine in each experimental group was significantly increased and the pathological changes of aortic wall were apparent to different degrees compared with those in the control group after 12 weeks （P 〈 0.05）. Additionally, soybean extracts significantly decreased the levels of the homocysteine in a dose-dependent manner compared with model group and inhibited the pathological changes of aortic wall induced by hyperhomocysteinemia （P 〈 0.05）. [ Conclusions] The aortic atherosclerotic lesions can be induced by hyperhomocysteinemi in rabbit. Soybean extracts can reduce the serum homocysteine level and the formation of aortic atherosclerotic lesions.