探讨口腔颌面部多间隙感染患者病原菌情况

Discussion of Oral Multiple Space Pathogen Infection

目的：分析口腔颌面部多间隙感染患者的病原菌种类、起始部位、感染途径。探讨有效的防治措施，降低感染率。方法选取2012年1月～2014年1月，我院口腔颌面部多间隙感染患者120例。回顾性总结120例患者的临床资料，分析病原菌感染的起始部位、感染途径，检测病原菌种类。结果120例患者病原菌起始部位颌下间隙71例，占59.17%；咽旁间隙8例，占6.67%；咬肌间隙21例，占17.50%；颏下间隙7例，占5.83%；翼颌间隙5例，占4.17%；舌下间隙4例，占3.33%；颊间隙4例，占3.33%。120例患者中，牙源性感染71例，占59.17%；腺源性感染42例，占35.00%；医源性感染7例，占5.83%。牙源性感染是最主要的感染途径，医源性感染最少，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=77.40，P ＜0.05）。口腔颌面部多间隙感染病原菌以革兰氏阳性菌为主，共102例，占总数的85.00%，革兰氏阴性菌14例，占11.67%；白色念珠菌4例，占总数3.33%。前三位病原菌分别是金黄色葡萄球菌，占15.84%，其次星座链球菌，占15.00%。以及 F 群链球菌，占13.33%。革兰氏阴性菌中最常见的是肺炎克雷伯菌，占7.50%。结论口腔颌面部多间隙感染病原菌种类繁多，分析病原菌情况对采取有效的治疗措施，促进患者健康恢复有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the oral and maxillofacial space infection in patients with multiple pathogens, initiation site, routes of infection. To investigate effective preventive measures to reduce infection rates. Methods January 2012 to January 2014, oral and maxillofacial hospital 120 patients infected with more space. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed 120 patients analyzed initiation site of pathogen infection, 〈br〉 infection route, detect pathogens. Results 120 patients pathogen initiation site submandibular space 71 cases, accounting for 59.17%, parapharyngeal space 8 cases, accounting for 6.67%, masseteric gap 21 cases, accounting for 17.50%; submental space 7 cases, accounting for 5.83%, wing jaw gap 5 cases, accounting for 4.17%; sublingual space 4 cases, accounting for 3.33%, buccal space 4 cases, accounting for 3.33%. 120 cases of patients, 71 cases of odontogenic infection, accounting for 59.17%, adenovirus-borne infection in 42 cases, accounting for 35.00%, seven cases of nosocomial infection, accounting for 5.83%. Odontogenic infection is the main route of infection, iatrogenic infection at least, the difference was statistically significant （χ2=77.40, P〈0.05）. Oral maxillofacial space infection pathogens gram-positive bacteria dominated, of 102 cases, accounting for 85.00% of the total, 14 cases of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 11.67%, Candida albicans 4 cases, accounting for 3.33% total. The top three pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, accounting for 15.84 percent, followed by Streptococcus constellation, accounting for 15.00%. And F streptococci, accounting for 13.33%. The most common Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, accounting for 7.50%. Conclusion Oral and maxillofacial multiple space Pathogens wide range of pathogenic bacteria in the case of effective treatment measures to promote the recovery of the patient＇s health is important.