光催化剂杀菌处理的研究新进展和发展机遇

Photocatalysts for Water Disinfection: New Developments and Opportunities

近年来,制备纳米光催化材料用于水消毒是一个研究热点。光催化剂具有其独特的优势就是可以利用太阳光生成一系列的氧化活性物种,包括·OH,·O2-,H2O2等。这些活性氧化物种可以用来降解多种微生物,包括病毒,孢子,细菌和原生动物。文章主要围绕制备,表征以及运用可见光光催化剂在水体杀菌方面的研究进展进行综述。当前用于杀菌的光催化剂主要包括两类:一类是以二氧化钛(Ti O2)为基础的光催化剂;另外一类是新型光催化剂。文末对当前的杀菌光催化剂的发展进行了总结,并对催化剂的制备和应用的改进提出了一些建议。

Recent years have seen a surge of interest in the application of solar energy for water disinfection by using nano-structured photocatalysts elaborately designed and fabricated. Photocatalysis has its unique advantage for utilizing sunlight to drive the disinfection process. The highly reactive oxygen species（ROS） serve as the main oxidants and are capable of inactivating microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, spores and protozoa. This chapter presents an overview of current research activities that center on the preparation, characterization and application of highly efficient photocatalysts for water disinfection under both UV and visible light irradiation. It is organized into two major parts. One is the development of Ti O2-based photocatalysts, the other part is the introduction of new types of photocatalysts and advanced technologies that have recently fascinated the scientific community. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of what major advancements are needed to move the field of photocatalytic water disinfection forward.