黑斑口虾蛄对水温、盐度和pH的耐受性研究

Tolerance of Mantis Shrimp Oratosquilla kempi to Water Temperature,Salinity and pH

为研究黑斑口虾蛄对海水盐度、水温、酸碱度（pH）等主要环境因子的耐受性，选取无伤病、活力强，体长（10．0±0．5）cm的虾蛄个体，采用渐变式方法达到设计的要求，进行试验观测。试验结果表明，黑斑口虾蛄对盐度适应性较强，盐度暂变时，在盐度14或36仍能存活，仅活力较弱而己。其较适宜的盐度为18～30，该种虽然分布在盐度较高的水域，仍属广盐性种类。其对水温适应性也较强，在水温渐变时，能存活水温为14℃或35℃以上，此时仅是体弱个体有开始死亡现象，如再逐渐提高水温仍能存活。其适宜水温为24～33℃。黑斑口虾蛄对酸碱度的适应能力也较强，能生存在酸性较强的pH5．0，或碱性较强的pH10．0水环境中，其适宜的pH为7．0～9．0。

The tolerance range of healthy mantis shrimp, Oratosquilla kempi, with body length of （10.0± 0. 5） cm to water temperature, salinity and pH was investigated with progressive alteration in a laboratory. The mantis shrimp was shown to have strong adaptability to variation in salinity, water temperature and pH, with the optimal ranges of 18 30 in salinity, 24--33 ℃ in water temperature and 7.0--9.0 in pH. Only weak mantis shrimp were found to be dead at a salinity of 14 or 36, water temperature of 14 or 35 ℃, and pH 5.0 or 10.0 indicating that O. kempi is an euryhaline shrimp species with excellent tolerance to great fluctuation in water temperature,salinity and pH.