新型三元催化器特性的试验研究与数值仿真

Experiment and Numerical Simulation on the Characteristics of the New Type of Three Way Catalytic Device

三元催化器是汽车必不可少的设备之一,它将汽车排放的尾气转变为无毒无害的气体,大大减少了尾气对大气的污染。在研究传统直通型三元催化器流阻的基础上,基于FLUENT仿真模拟对一种采用金属载体的新型三元催化器结构(旁通型三元催化器)流阻进行研究,最后结合压力损失试验进行验证,并和传统直通型三元催化器对比分析后,得出如下结论:在相同进气流量及排气压力下,新型催化器的整体压降(流阻)要小于直通型三元催化器,同时新型三元催化器载体中的气流均匀性好于直通型三元催化器,表明新型三元催化器的气流特性优于直通型三元催化器,气流均匀性更好,压力损失更小,有利于提高催化器的催化效率,延长催化器的使用寿命。

Three way catalytic converter is the necessary part of automobile. It will make the exhaust emitted by the cars become harmless, and it greatly reduces exhaust pollution. Based on the flow resistance study of the traditional straight-through type of three catalytic converter, the method that combined with FLUENT numerical simulation is proposed, and we study the flow resist ance of a new type of three way catalytic converter structure using metal carrier （bypass type of three way catalytic converter）. Finally, it is verified by the pressure lose experiment that after the comparative analysis with the traditional straight-through type of three way catalytic converter,we can get some conclusion- under the same inlet air flow and exhaust pressure, the pressure drop （flow resistance） of the new type three way catalytic converter is smaller than the straight-through type three way catalytic convert- er＇s. In addition, the airflow uniformity of the new type of three way catalytic converter is much better. In general, the new type of three way catalyticair flow characteristics is better than traditional type of three way catalytic converter, and its airflow uniformity is better and pressure lose is smaller, so it is conducive to improve the catalytic efficiency and prolong the service life.