不同类型肥料种肥同播对玉米产量及氮生产效率的影响

Effects of Fertilizing with Different Types of Fertilizers and Sowing at the Same Time on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Production Efficiency

在保肥能力较强的黏覆砂姜黑土区,研究了免耕深松条件下与种子异带同时分层施用不同氮素释放类型肥料[处理1(CK):过磷酸钙+氯化钾,处理2:包膜肥料(低氮水平),处理3:控释肥料(低氮水平),处理4:配方肥料(低氮水平),处理5:农民习惯用肥(高氮水平),处理6:配方肥料+尿素(高氮水平)]对玉米产量及氮生产效率的影响。结果表明,采用种肥同时机播时,播种密度需要适当提高,另外种肥同时机播的株间距差异较大。不同类型肥料处理的玉米植株干物质质量曲线基本一致,均随着生育期的推进不断增加,总体以处理6最高,处理5次之。与CK相比,施氮肥处理玉米产量均提高,表现为处理6>处理2>处理5>处理4>处理3>CK,处理6产量显著高于其他处理,较CK显著提高71.60%,处理2、3、4差异不显著。综合考虑,以处理6效果最佳。

The effects of fertilizing different release patterns of nitrogen（N） fertilizers[treatment 1（CK）：superphosphate and potassium chloride,treatment 2：coated granular fertilizer in low nitrogen,treatment 3：controlled-releasing fertilizer in low nitrogen,treatment 4：formula fertilizer in low nitrogen] and sowing at the same time on corn yield and N production efficiency under no-tillage subsoiling in the the clay lime concretion black soil with high fertility retention capacity. The results showed that the seeding density should be enhanced with fertilizing and sowing at the same time,and the difference of distance between the plants was large. Dry weight curve of different types of fertilizers were basically the same,all increased with the growth period,and the treatment 6 had the largest value,second was the treatment 5. Compared with the CK,N fertilizer increased maize yield,the order was treatment 6 〉treatment 2 〉treatment 5 〉treatment 4〉treatment 3〉CK,the yield of treatment 6 was significantly higher than the other treatments, which increased by 71. 60% compared with CK,there were no significant difference among treatment 2, 3,4. Overall,the treatment 6 was the best.