中唐诗歌的生长环境——以李贺诗歌创作为例

The Growth Environment of the Poetry in the Mid-Tang Dynasty——A Case Study of the Poetry by

本文以中唐社会及历史环境为时代背景,以鬼才李贺为代表人物,分析在中唐的时代背景之下,诗歌的发展情况。中唐是唐朝由盛转衰的分界点,在重创的社会背景下,诗风也由盛唐的浑厚宽大走向中唐的纤巧细腻。由于中唐诗人的早年多生活在贫苦之中,入仕途径又逐渐变窄,因而诗人的创作心态多失意苦闷,李贺更是关注自我,以自我为中心,创作多造语、造境。诗歌题材偏向以讽喻为主,李贺的诗歌体式更偏爱于乐府诗的创作,这些都与中唐的社会环境有着密不可分的关系。

In the paper, the development of the poetry in the Mid-Tang Dynasty （821-875） is analyzed with a case studyof the representative poet-the genius LI He in the social and historical background of the Mid-Tang Dynasty. The Mid-TangDynasty marks a turn of the social development of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, and in the social backgroundof being badly impaired, the style of the poetry at that time changed from the genre of vigorousness and lenience in the climaxof the Tang Dynasty （713-766） to the genre of delicateness and fineness in the Mid-Tang Dynasty. Since the poets in theMid-Tang Dynasty lived a very poor and hard life in their earlier life and found less possibility of access to the official posi-tions at that time, their mood of writing was usually frustrated and full of anguish; and LI He was more self-centered andthere were more created linguistic expressions and environments in his writing. The theme of his poetry tends to be more alle-gorical; and for example, the forms of LI He＇s ：poems for examinations give priority to the style of Yuefu-a kind of poems formusic bureau, with poetry, which is closely related to the social environment of the Mid-Tang Dynasty.