四顶山奶奶庙“抱娃娃”习俗的人类学考察

An Anthropology Study of "Bao Wa Wa" Custom on Four-top Mountain Nai Nai Temple

安徽寿县四顶山的"顶"是与泰山信仰有关的道教建筑物的称谓,而非人们普遍认为的"山顶"的意思,每年三月十五奶奶庙庙会期间的抱娃娃习俗,是当地群众对碧霞元君信仰的一种体现。根据田野调查,对参与抱娃娃习俗的不同角色,从许愿者、还愿者、管理者三个视角进行解读,对"抱娃娃"习俗的灵验性、功能性、象征性、仪式性进行分析,得出抱娃娃习俗是人们精神层面的认知模式,是作为文化符号嵌入民俗的。

The ＂top＂ in Four -top Mountain means the Taoist building appellation about Taishan, rather than the wide belief of being ＂the peak of the mountain＂ in Shouxian of Anhui province. Local people take part in the Nai Nai Temple Fair on lunar month March 15th every year. During the fair there are＂ Bao Wa Wa＂ custom, which expresses the belief of Bixia Yuanjun. This article is on the basis of my fieldwork, to analyze from the different roles of the wishers, the votive person and administrators involved in the custom. Then conclusion is drawn from the analysis of the efficacious, functional and symbolic rituality of the custom that the custom reflects local peopleg spiritual cognitive mode, a cultural symbol embedded into folk life.