明清时期云南书院的教育地位及其文化调适机制

The Educational Status of Yunnan Academies in Ming and Qing Dynasties and Its Cultural Adjusting Mechanism

明清时期云南教育的巨大发展推动了云南文化的深刻转型;明清云南书院作为一种特殊的教育组织形式,在贯通云南古代办学体系、弥补官学教育的不足和奠定现代学堂改制的基础等方面的地位举足轻重;同时,明清云南书院教育通过官私同构的办学体制、德才并重的师承形式和讲研结合的"会讲"方式形成一套特有的文化调适机制,促进了云南文化向儒学方向的进一步转变,对当代云南文化的发展和教育改革具有重要的启示意义。

The great development of education in Yunnan during Ming and Qing Dynasties has impelled the profound transformation of Yunnan culture. Academy, as a special form of education organization, has played a prominent role in associating ancient educational systems, making up for a lack of public education, and laying the foundation of modem school system. Meanwhile, it forms a unique cultural adjustment in terms of school run by public and private, transmission and teaching systems with emphasizing on the morality and talent, and the combination of lecture and research. Therefore, it promotes the transition of Yunnan culture to Confucianism and is of significance to cultural development and education reform of Yunnan.