载人航天器密封舱内除湿研究

Dehumidification of sealed cabin in manned spacecraft

为保证航天员在轨生活健康,避免密封舱内结露,对载人航天器密封舱内空气除湿进行了理论研究:针对载人航天器地面封舱前干空气置换,建立了相对湿度估算模型;对航天器在轨采用冷凝干燥装置主动除湿进行了研究,建立了密封舱内空气湿度平衡方程,推导出冷凝干燥风机风量估算模型。相对湿度估算模型及风机风量估算模型可为实际工程设计提供参考。

In order to secure a healthy environment for astronauts and eliminate the dews in the sealed cabin, a set of issues on the humidity control in a sealed cabin of a manned spacecraft are studied： 1） the evaluation model of the relative humidity for the dry air replacement in the manned spacecraft before the hatch is closed on the ground; 2） the dehumidification by condensing the heat exchanger of the spacecraft in orbit. The balance equation of the humidity is established, and the flux of condensing the heat exchanger is obtained. The evaluation model of the relative humidity and the ventilation can be a crucial problem in the actual engineering design.