微波辐射下PVA对三聚氰胺泡沫塑料的改性研究

The research of melamine foam plastics modification with PVA under microwave radiation

用三聚氰胺、甲醛在碱性条件下制备三聚氰胺甲醛树脂。将其与适量发泡剂、固化剂充分搅拌混合,通过控制反应体系温度、pH值以及时间,利用微波辐射的发泡方式制备三聚氰胺泡沫塑料。在此基础上,讨论了加入韧性较强的不同浓度的聚乙烯醇(PVA)后,对泡沫的表观密度、阻燃性、热导性能、力学性能以及吸声性能的影响。相关检测数据分析表明,表观密度、力学性能、吸声性能随着PVA浓度的增大而分别增大、增强、增大;阻燃性能随着PVA浓度的增大而降低;在PVA摩尔分数为2%时,热导率为0.036 01 W/(m·k),此时有极佳的保温效果。

This paper discusses the method of preparing melamine formaldehyde resin with melamine and formaldehyde in alka- line condition. By fully mixing melamine,formaldehyde with foaming agent,curing agent,and controlling temperature, pH value and time of the reaction system and under microwave radiation, melamine resin foam can be prepared. On this basis, it discus- ses the different concentrations＇ influences of poly （vinyl alcohol） （PVA） on apparent density, flame retardancy, thermal con- ductivity, mechanical properties and sound absorption of the foam. Relevant testing data indicates： apparent density, mechani- cal properties and sound absorption performance increase with the enhancement of PVA concentration, Flame retardant performance reduces with the increase of PVA concentration. When PVA＇s concentration is 2%, the thermal conductivity is 0. 036 01 W/（m · k）, at this time, it has excellent thermal insulation effect.