蔬菜大棚小气候变化特征及预警服务系统的应用研究

Application research of microclimate change characteristics and early warning service system in vegetable greenhouse

利用如皋蔬菜大棚小气候站的气象数据,分析了棚内小气候因子日变化和季节变化的特征,并与同期棚外相关要素进行对比分析。结果表明:晴天时棚内气温变化幅度较大,升温和降温均较明显,多云天气变化幅度小于晴天,阴天棚内气温基本趋于平稳,大棚具有明显的增温效果;相对湿度昼夜变化较大,白天较低,夜间相对湿度基本维持在94%以上;地温的变化曲线和气温基本一致;光合有效辐射晴天高于多云和阴天。开发了小气候站实时资料查询、气象要素模拟、作物灾害气象灾害指标库、服务产品的制作与发布应用平台,可以更好地开展精细化的设施农业专业气象服务,提高气象为农服务效能。

Using the meteorological data of vegetable greenhouse microclimate station in Rugao, the charac- teristics of diurnal and seasonal variation of microclimate factors in vegetable greenhouse were analyzed, and the related factors outside the greenhouse at the same period were comparative analyzed. The results showed that the temperature changed greatly in greenhouse on sunny days, rising and dropping obviously. The change of tempera- ture on cloudy days was less than sunny days, and the temperature tends to be stable on overcast days. The green- house had an obvious effect of raising temperature. The relative humidity changed greatly in greenhouse day and night diurnal variations, it was lower during the day and maintained above 94% at night. The variation curve of ground temperature was consistent with air temperature. The photosynthetic active radiation of sunny days was higher than that of cloudy and overcast days. The application platform of real time data query, meteorological fac- tor simulation, crop disaster index base, production and release of service product of microclimate station had been developed, and the meteorological service of fine facility agriculture could be better carried out to improve meteorological service efficiency.