论苏轼诗词间的文体分工意识

On Style-differentiating Consciousness Between SU Shi's Poems and Lyrics

长期以来,普遍认为苏轼"以诗为词",打破了诗词之间界限,实际上,从其创作实践来看,苏轼在诗词之间是存在明确的文体分工意识:就创作数量最多的赠答之作而言,他会根据对象选择不同的文体,与男性交往主要用诗,而与女性相关时候,则主要用词;在题材方面,关涉时政等重大、严肃主题,苏轼倾向于用诗歌来表达,而涉及感情方面,尤其儿女之情,主要用词;相同题材分别出现在诗词中时,所运用的手法和表现出的风格也完全不同。苏轼"以诗为词"开拓了词体的领域和表现内容,但他同时也"以词为词",坚持维护词体自身的审美属性。长期以来过于强调前者,而忽略了后者。

It has long been thought that SUShi took poems as lyrics. This has broken the boundary between the two lit- erary forms. In fact, from his creation, we can find SU had his own style-differentiating consciousness between the two. For those offerings which occupied the largest amount of his works, he chose different style for different subjects. Generally, he offered poems to his male friends and lyrics to his female ones. He tended to describe the serious themes concerning the current politic events in poems, and express his feelings, especially love affairs, in lyrics. Though the same themes appeared in both poems and lyrics, the styles used were quite different. His such inclination expanded the scope of lyrics and expression. At the same time, he stressed the distinctive features of lyrics and went on keeping the aesthetic natures of the literary style. People have overstressed his poems and ignored his lyrics.