牛粪堆肥中氮素转化关键菌群的动态变化影响

Dynamic variation of key nitrogen transformation microflora in cow manure compost

研究以牛粪为原料,水稻秸秆为调理剂,采用添加木质纤维素复合菌剂和自然堆肥方法相结合进行为期45 d堆肥化处理,探讨堆肥过程中温度、碳素及氮素各形态含量等参数变化,采用最大可能数法(MPN:Most-Probable-Number),测定固氮菌、氨化细菌、硝化和反硝化细菌菌群数量,结合氮素上升趋势进行分析。结果表明,堆肥过程中固氮菌数量在升温期均呈现最低值,进入高温期后数量增加;氨化细菌和反硝化细菌随着堆肥进程,在高温期均出现数量高峰值,随后逐渐减少;硝化细菌与氨化细菌和反硝化细菌作用关系紧密,数量在高温期出现最低值,随后缓慢上升;揭示氮素关键菌群之间相互作用及其保氮功效。

Experiment was conducted after co-composting for 45 days of cow manure and rice strew with or without addictives of compound microorganism bacterium, Most-Probable-Number method was employed to determinen the quantity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria and analyze with nitrogen increased. The result showed that the value of nitrogen-fixing bacteria amount was the lowest in the thermophilic stage, gradually increased in the high temperature stage in the process. The value of ammonifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria occurred the peak in the high temperature stage, and had a significant correlation between them; Nitrifying bacteria, ammonifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria closely linked, the minimum value in the high temperature stage, then slowly increased. The result indicates that Key Nitrogen Transforma- tion microflore play the important role, then reveals interaction between them and nitrogen efficiency.