新生儿听力筛查的影响因素分析及护理对策

Analysis and nursing countermeasures of influencing factors of newborn hearing screening

目的分析影响新生儿听力筛查的因素及护理对策。方法选取2010年1月~2014年1月我院接受听力筛查的新生儿120名作为调查分析对象,比较新生儿不同胎龄、不同体重、不同性别以及是否伴有新生儿疾病、母亲分娩方式与筛查通过率的关系。结果新生儿〈37周的听力筛查通过率85.0%,显著低于新生儿≥37周的听力筛查通过率97.0%,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;新生儿体重〈2500 g的听力筛查通过率77.8%,显著低于新生儿体重≥2500 g的听力筛查通过率98.0%,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;男性新生儿的听力筛查通过率94.1%,低于女性新生儿的听力筛查通过率96.2%,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;新生儿母亲采取剖宫产分娩方式的听力筛查通过率96.0%,高于新生儿母亲采取阴道分娩听力筛查通过率94.3%,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;伴有新生儿疾病的听力筛查通过率70.0%,显著低于无新生儿疾病的听力筛查通过率97.3%,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;新生儿不同胎龄、不同体重及新生儿疾病为影响新生儿筛查通过率的因素,但母亲的分娩方式、新生儿性别与筛查通过率无关,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;胎龄〈37周（OR=3.187）、伴有新生儿疾病（OR=9.123）、体重〈2500 g（OR=5.236）是影响新生儿听力筛查的危险因素。结论胎龄〈37周、伴有新生儿疾病、体重〈2500 g是影响新生儿听力筛查的危险因素。听力筛查时应严格执行操作程序,护理人员同时针对影响因素采取相应护理干预措施,才能提高筛查通过率。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of newborn hearing screening and nursing countermeasures. Methods 120 cases of newborn hearing screening from January 2010 to January 2014 in our hospital were accepted as the research object, the comparison of neonatal weight, different gender, different, and whether associated with neonatal disease, the way of childbirth and screening by the relationship between the rate were all completed. Results Newborn hearing screening 〈37 weeks pass rate was 85.0%, was significantly lower than the newborn hearing screening of over 37 weeks by the rate was 97.0%, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Hearing screening in neonatal weight 〈2500 g by rate of 77.8%, was significantly lower than the newborn hearing screening weight more than 2500 g by rate of 98.0%, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Newborn hearing screening in men by the rate of 94.1%, was lower than the rate of newborn hearing screening women by 96.2%, but the difference was not statistically significant （P〉 0.05）. Newborn hearing screening mother take cesarean section by means of rate of 96.0%, which was higher than the mother to take delivery of newborn hearing screening rate of vagina by 94.3%, but the difference was not statisti- cally significant （P〉0.05）. Hearing screening with neonatal diseases by the rate of 70%, was significantly lower than that of hearing screening without neonatal pass rate 97.3%, with significant difference （P〈0.05）. The infants of different gestational age, body weight of neonatal diseases and different influence factors through newborn screening, regardless of mode of delivery, but mother newborn screening for gender and pass rate, the difference was not significant（P〉 0.05）. Gestational Age 〈37 weeks, with neonatal diseases, weight 〈2500 g were the risk factors of newborn hearing screening. Conclusion Gestational age 〈37 weeks, with neonatal diseases, weight 〈2500 g were the risk factors of new- born heating screening. Hearing screening should be strict operation procedure, the nursing staff at the same time the corresponding nursing intervention measures according to the influencing factors, in order to improve the screening pass rate.