快速检测在成人呼吸道病毒及非典型病原体检测中的应用效果

Application effect of rapid detection in diagnosis of adult respiratory viruses and atypical pathogens

目的探讨快速检测方法在成人呼吸道病毒及非典型病原体检测中的应用。方法选择成人呼吸道感染患者500例为研究对象,鼻咽部分泌物中流感病毒A、B抗原采用胶体金免疫层析法检测,肺炎支原体抗体采用快速培养法检测,同时采用间接免疫荧光法检测血清常见呼吸道病原体Ig M抗体。结果流感病毒A:快速检测阳性率3.6%,血清学检测阳性率9.2%(P<0.01);阳性似然比:6.3,阴性似然比:0.9。流感病毒B:快速检测阳性率0.8%,血清学检测阳性率7.0%(P<0.01);阳性似然比:43.0;阴性似然比:0.9。支原体:快速检测阳性率20.2%,血清学检测阳性率12.6%(P<0.01);阳性似然比:1.7;阴性似然比:0.8。结论成人呼吸道病毒及非典型病原体快速检测方法具有快速、简便、结果快速等优点,但是其灵敏度相对较低。在临床工作中可将快速检测方法作为血清学检查的辅助检查,指导临床诊断和治疗。

Objective To discuss the effect of rapid detection in diagnosis of adult respiratory viruses and atypical pathogens. Methods A total of 500 cases with adult respiratory infection were selected as research subjects. Colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay was used to detect nasopharyngeal secretions influenza virus A, B antigen. Rapid culture was used to detect Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen. At the same time, indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect serum IgM of common respiratory pathogens. Results Influenza virus A： the positive rate of rapid detection was 3.6%, serology detection was 9.2%（P〈0.01 ）; The positive likelihood ratio was 6.3, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.9. Influenza virus B： the positive rate of rapid detection was 0.8%, serology detection was 7.0%（P〈0.01）; the positive likelihood ratio was 43.0, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.9. Mycoplasma： the positive rate of rapid de- tection was 20.2%, serology detection was 12.6%（P〈0.01）; The positive likelihood ratio was 1.7, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.8. Conclusion Rapid detection in adult respiratory viruses and atypical pathogens is rapid, simple, fast results, but with low sensitivity. In clinical work, rapid detection methods can be used as an auxiliary examination serology to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.