不同人口学特征临床护士职业紧张的调查研究

Survey on the occupational stress of clinical nurses with different demographic features

目的通过量表问卷调查的方法调查我市两家三乙医院临床护士的职业紧张现状及影响因素。方法使用职业紧张量表修订版为调查工具,对我市三乙医院708名在职护士进行调查,比较不同人口学特征的职业紧张得分差异。结果职业任务总分(161.6±21.2),个体紧张反应(105.4±26.9),个体应对资源(113.2±28.0),职业紧张总分为(380.2±34.2),影响职业紧张的因素有护理工作强度大、要求高、风险大以及社会因素、护士自身因素。结论我市两家医院护士职业紧张度处于一个较高水平,应采取针对性措施调整管理方式以降低护士职业紧张水平,提高护士应对职业紧张的能力。

Objective To investigate the occupational stress and its influencing factors of the clinical nurses in two Grade-three Class-B hospitals in Ruian through questionnaires. Methods With the revised edition of the Occupational Stress Inventory as the tool, investigated 708 in-service nurses in the Grade-three Class-B hospitals, compared different scores of the occupational stress among different demographic groups. Results The outcome was as follows： the total score of occupational task was （161.6±21.2）, individual nervous reaction, （105.4±26.9）, individual reaction to resources, （113.2±28.0） and the total score of occupational stress, （380.2±34.2）. The factors causing the occupational stress include the great intensity, high requirement and big risk in nursing, social reasons and the nurses＇ personal reasons. Conclusion The occupational stress of these two hospitals is comparatively high and targeted measures should be taken to adjust the administrative method so as to lower the nurses＇ occupational stress level and increase their ability to cope with occupational stress.