三峡工程运行对洞庭湖区钉螺及血吸虫病的影响

Influence of Three Gorges Reservoir operation on oncomelania and schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake region

三峡工程运行是否导致长江中下游血吸虫病蔓延问题引起了广泛关注。2003~2010年先后在洞庭湖区布置了26个螺情监测站,进行跟踪监测。监测数据表明,2014年与2003年螺情比较,洞庭湖洲滩有13个监测点未查到钉螺,9个有螺监测点活螺平均密度降低了96.27%；2014年有螺点占总监测点的34%,有螺洲滩面积和分布范围正在快速缩小,洲滩钉螺向垸内扩散机率大幅减小。

Whether the operation of Three Gorges Reservoir leads to the wide spread of schistosomiasis in mid-lower Yangtze River basin causes great concern. 26 monitoring sites were arranged in Dongting Lake region during 2003 to 2010 to track and monitor the situation of oncomelania. The results showed no oncomelania was detected in 13 sites in the beaches and shoals of Dongting Lake region in 2014, comparing with that in 2003;the average density of living oncomelania in 9 sites dropped by 96. 27%;in 2014, the monitoring sites in which the living oncomelania was detected accounted for 34% of the total sites;the area of the river beach where the oncomelania is detected is reducing and the chance of oncomelania spread into the polder from beach is declining at large amplitude.